SK-YJ000DLT-KP 100004

The electric soldering iron is an essential tool for electronic production and electrical appliance repair, mainly used for soldering components and wires. It can be classified into internal and external heating soldering irons based on mechanical structure, non-suction and suction soldering irons based on function, and high-power and low-power soldering irons based on usage.

I. Basic Structure

The electric soldering iron consists of a soldering iron tip, soldering iron core, temperature control system, shell, wooden handle, power cord, plug, and other components.

Soldering Iron Tip: The key part of the electric soldering iron, made of copper material. Its function is to convert electrical energy into thermal energy and use heat to melt solder for soldering.

Soldering Iron Core: The heart of the electric soldering iron, which is actually a resistance wire coil closely wound outside the mica tube and made of high-temperature resistant insulating material. The working principle of a common internally heated soldering iron is that the resistance wire heats up when the soldering iron core is powered on, converting electrical energy into thermal energy. The thermal energy heats up the soldering iron tip through heat conduction to heat the solder for soldering.

Temperature Control System: Modern electric soldering irons are usually equipped with a temperature control system that can precisely control the temperature of the soldering iron tip. This is very important for soldering different types of materials and components because different materials and components require different soldering temperatures.

Shell: The external structure of the electric soldering iron, mostly made of heat-resistant and non-heat conducting materials, such as mica, ceramics, etc. In addition to preventing heat loss of heating elements, the shell also supports and fixes various components.

Wooden Handle: The handle part of the electric soldering iron, made of phenolic plastic, which not only has good insulation properties but is also resistant to high temperatures. The wooden handle is equipped with a power cord connection socket and temperature adjustment knob.

Power Cord and Plug: The power cord connects the power plug to the electric soldering iron, providing electrical energy to the soldering iron.

In addition, the electric soldering iron also has a bracket for placing the soldering iron. The bracket usually has additional devices such as a rosin box and a soldering iron tip cleaner, which is very convenient to use.

When using an electric soldering iron for soldering, it is best to use an electric soldering iron together with a soldering station, which makes soldering convenient, fast, and of high quality. There is no unified requirement for the grip of the electric soldering iron during soldering. The principle is to avoid fatigue and facilitate operation. Generally, there are two types of grips: pen grip and fist grip.

II. Introduction to the Main Components

1.Heating Element: The key component of the electric soldering iron, responsible for converting electrical energy into thermal energy. The heating element is usually made of high-resistance material, which generates heat through current action, heating the soldering iron tip to the required temperature. The quality and performance of the heating element directly affect the heating speed and temperature stability of the electric soldering iron.

2.Temperature Sensor: The key component of the temperature control system, responsible for real-time monitoring of the soldering iron tip temperature and transmitting the temperature signal to the control system. The temperature sensor is usually made of elements such as a thermistor or thermocouple, which has the characteristics of high precision and high response speed.

3.Control Circuit Board: The core part of the temperature control system, which receives the signal from the temperature sensor and controls the current size of the heating element according to the preset temperature value, thereby adjusting the temperature of the soldering iron tip. The control circuit board usually adopts a microprocessor or a dedicated chip for control, which has high precision and stability.

4.Soldering Iron Tip Fixed Seat: The part that connects the soldering iron tip and the handle, responsible for fixing the soldering iron tip and ensuring good heat conduction. The fixed seat is usually made of metal with good thermal conductivity, such as copper or aluminum alloy. At the same time, the fixed seat also has a certain elasticity to ensure that the soldering iron tip can maintain stable performance after long-term use.

5.Insulating Sleeve: A protective layer outside the power cord to prevent current leakage and electric shock hazards. The insulating sleeve is usually made of high-temperature resistant and insulating materials, such as silicone or polytetrafluoroethylene.

III. Principles for Choosing Electric Soldering Iron

1.The shape of the soldering iron tip should adapt to the requirements of the surface of the welded object and the assembly density of the product.

2.The tip temperature of the soldering iron should match the melting point of the welded parts, which is generally 30 to 80 ℃ higher than the melting point of the solder (excluding ambient temperature).

3.The heat capacity of the electric soldering iron should be appropriate. If the heat capacity of the soldering iron tip is too small, the temperature will rise quickly, but it may cause localized overheating of the solder, resulting in semi-melted solder particles attaching to the soldering iron tip and forming a temporary short circuit of the solder. If the heat capacity of the soldering tip is too large, the temperature will rise slowly, which will prolong the melting time of the solder, increase heat loss, and may cause overheating damage to components with smaller heat capacity on the printed board (such as transistors and small integrated circuits).

4.When soldering, the soldering iron tip should be able to heat the solder joint and solder simultaneously, and the end face shape of the soldering iron tip should adapt to the shape of the solder joint. The solder joint is heated by the heat conduction from the soldering iron tip when it touches the solder joint. The greater the heat, the easier it is for the solder joint to melt. Different end face shapes of the soldering iron tip determine the different areas of the solder joint receiving heat.

IV. Summary

In summary, as a basic tool for electronic production and electrical maintenance, the selection of electric soldering iron must consider factors such as its power and soldering iron tip shape to meet the needs of soldering work. At the same time, safety should be noted during use to avoid scalds or electric shocks.